IIRC, Microsoft paid 5 billion USD for Mojang several years ago now. They’ve added tons of mtx to bedrock (and neglected Java because it’s harder to monetize I guess)
Then there’s story mode and dungeons.
But 5 billion is/was a lot. Do you think they’ve brought in that much since taking over?
Minecraft merch is massive as mentioned by the other commenters. They get a flat licensing fee, as well as likely a cut of sales. Minecraft branding is all over the place for kids.
They never cared about the money the game made, as it likely is a very small portion of the annual income for Mojang. The brand is what’s valuable to them